As evermore people migrate
to cities, sand follows to accommodate them. Mountains of sand are
poured into constructing new homes. “A typical American house requires
more than a hundred tons of sand, gravel and crushed stone ... and more
than 200 tons if you include its share of the street that runs in front
of it,” David Owen reported this May in
The New Yorker magazine.
Two other huge sand hogs are devouring ever-increasing volumes of this resource: Beach restoration and Big Oil fracking.
We
humans are extracting an unbelievable amount of these tiny grains of
rock to construct our modern life, using more sand today than any other
natural resource besides water. Another little-known fact: The world is
starting to run out of usable sand.
“Huh?”
you might ask in disbelief. The planet has vast deserts that are
spreading at alarming rates, and the climate-change forecasts say more
and quicker desertification is coming at us. But the key adjective is
“usable,” and desert sand grains are too small and rounded to make
concrete or asphalt. And while nature does constantly create more sand,
it can’t create nearly enough at a rate fast enough to keep up with the
rapacious extraction by industries, governments and our world’s teeming
population.
The rush to grab every last speck of sand on the planet is no day at
the beach. Many billions of dollars are at stake, so the journey from
nature to concrete draws many thousands of players vying for a cut of
the profits. While many sand peddlers make some effort to minimize the
damages, many more don’t care what their plundering is doing to the
Earth and its inhabitants.
Thus,
whether the operators are corporate elites or black-market gangs, much
of the global sand trade is corrupt and barely monitored by officials.
So, the humble commodity itself is being ripped from Mother Earth.
No
nation is immune from this pandemic of madness: – Farmers in Minnesota
and Wisconsin are blaming the recent boom of sand mining throughout
their area for polluting their water and air. – In the Indian state of
Kerala, the Manimala River has flowed for centuries over natural sand
beds, serving the people there as a permanent aquifer. Since 2002,
however, this natural deposit has been scooped out. Along the river’s
route, several major bridges faced collapse, because the loss of sand
had weakened their foundations. And with the sand gone, their river is
now barely a trickle. – In India, Cambodia, Indonesia, Kenya and
elsewhere, environmental activists, journalists and defiant locals have
been imprisoned and even murdered for standing in the way of the piles
of “dirty money” being exchanged these days in the dark business of
extracting innumerable tons of tiny rock specks.
Common,
seemingly-abundant sand is not something that politicians, media or
even the major environmental organizations have thought much about. Yet
there is an urgent need for us to pay attention, for sand is an
invaluable, finite and fast-disappearing natural resource –t one that is
essential as a balancing force in Earth’s intricate ecology and as a
building block for all of humanity. At the very least, we can no longer
afford to allow the world’s elites and profiteers to keep plundering
this special gift from nature only to hoard it in their exclusive
sandboxes. As Vince Beiser wrote last year in a New York Times op-ed,
just as the world has been learning to “conserve, reuse, find
alternatives for, and generally get smarter about how we use [other]
natural resources ... that’s how we need to start thinking about sand.”
Populist
author, public speaker and radio commentator Jim Hightower writes The
Hightower Lowdown, a monthly newsletter chronicling the ongoing fights
by America’s ordinary people against rule by plutocratic elites. Sign up
at http://HightowerLowdown.org.